Flyer, "Coming soon ... Ethanol" (2005)

"Why?" "Is this being done anywhere else?"

"What will be the effect on gasoline prices?"

"Will using gasoline with ethanol require changes to my car?" (Acrobat file, 155 kb)

Report, Hawaii Ethanol Alternatives (2003)

By Stillwater Associates. 47 pages. Available for download.

PDF file: ethanol-stillwater.pdf (pdf file, 1,018 kb) or

Word file: ethanol-stillwater.doc (doc file, 498 kb)

Report, Economic Impact Assessment for Ethanol Production and Use in Hawaii (2003)

By BBI International Consulting Division. 63 pages. Available for download.

PDF file: ethanol-bbi2.pdf (pdf file, 2,243 kb)

Word file: ethanol-bbi2.doc (pdf file, 1,326 kb )

Brochure, "Ethanol Fuel: Coming Soon to a Car Near You" (2002)

Contains information on ethanol for Hawaii, including:

• Your car can use it - all cars perform well using E10
• Some cars can use E85 (with list)
• Fuel cell vehicles could use ethanol
• Cost comparisons for regular and premium (E10 is projected to cost less)
• Also has sections on economy, energy security, air quality. (pdf file, 613 kb)

Presentations from Hawaii Fuel Ethanol Workshop (2002)

Web page, with downloadable Proceedings.

Photos, highlights, presentations, and speaker biographies from the November, 2002 workshop sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy; City and County of Honolulu; Hawaii Department of Agriculture; Hawaii Department of Business, Economic Development & Tourism; Hawaii Department of Health; Hawaii Natural Energy Institute; JN Automotive Group; and Honolulu Clean Cities.

Report, "The Quality of Gasolines in Hawaii and their Implication in Preparing Ethanol Blends" (1989)

Web page, with downloadable report.

Report prepared by Hiromitsu Kanai, Lester Yazawa, and James Maka of Petroleum Laboratory, Measurement Standards Division, Hawaii State Department of Agriculture and presented to the Administrator, Energy Division, Department of Business and Economic Development, through the Chairperson, Board of Agriculture, by George Mattimoe, Administrator, Measurement Standards Division, Department of Agriculture.

Website, Hawaii Fuel Ethanol Working Group

Working groups have been formed to discuss issues and opportunities relating to production, distribution, and use of fuel ethanol in Hawaii.

Booklet, "Changes in Gasoline III and Year 2000 Supplement" (2000)

Contains information on fuel specifications, octane, volatility, additives, oxygenated fuel requirements, auto manufacturers' fuel recommendations, etc. (pdf file, 1 MB).

7-page paper, "Changes in Gasoline & The Classic Auto" (1996)

"Owners of classic vehicles have unique considerations. Their vehicle's fuel system may differ significantly from those of modern vehicles. The car is usually not driven often and is stored for long periods. It probably operates rich at specified air/fuel settings compared to modern vehicles. In the case of muscle cars, the compression ratio may dictate the use of very high octane gasoline and if the valve seats are not hardened, the effect of unleaded gasoline on exhaust valve seats may be an issue. Unfortunately, limited information has been written in a manner that addresses these concerns from the perspective of the classic car owner. That is what this information paper does, address the fuel related questions and concerns of the classic auto owner." (pdf file, 74 kb)

Website, U.S. Department of Energy's Biomass Program - www.eere.energy.gov/biomass/

Website. Focuses on ethanol, biodiesel, and fuels from biomass.

Website, BBI - www.bbiethanol.com

Contractor to the US Dept. of Energy's "Ethanol Workshop Series." BBI also performs ethanol impact studies and produces ethanol industry publications.

Website, U.S. Department of Energy's Alternative Fuels Data Center - www.eere.energy.gov/afdc/

"... a vast collection of information on alternative fuels and the vehicles that use them ... including biodiesel, electricity, ethanol, hydrogen, natural gas, and propane. This site has more than 3,000 documents in its database, an interactive fuel station mapping system, current listings of available alternative fuel vehicles, and lots of alternative fuels information and related links. "

Website, Renewable Fuels Association - www.ethanolrfa.org

RFA works in tandem with state governments, agriculture, environment and public interest groups, and ethanol advocates nationwide.Includes a library of downloadable publications on a variety of technical and policy topics.

Article, "Recreational Engine Users Gear Up for Changes at the Pumps" (1997)

Article published in "Focus 10,000 - Minnesota's Lakeside Magazine." Discusses ethanol and small boats. (pdf file, 1 MB)

Six-page 1996 memo from Fuels Studies and Standards Branch to Fuels Studies and Standards Group, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, discussing ethanol-blended gasoline. (1996)

Concludes that humidity will not lead to phase separation. Excerpt: "For example, at a constant temperature of 100 degrees F and relative humidity of 100%, it would take well over 200 days to saturate one gallon of gasoline in an open gasoline can (assuming the only source of water is water vapor from the air). Water absorption from the air is far slower at lower temperatures and humidities. (At a temperature of 70 degrees and relative humidity of 70%, it would take over two years to saturate one gallon of conventional gasoline in the same gasoline can.) Again, oxygenated gasolines can hold more water than conventional gasoline, and would therefore take much longer to saturate with water.... Water in the form of moisture in the air will generally not cause phase separation."

Curriculum Guide, "Ethanol-Blended Fuels" (2004)

Distributed by the Nebraska Ethanol Board, with support from the Iowa Corn Promotion Board, Nebraska Ethanol Board, Clean Fuels Development Coalition, and the U.S. Department of Energy. Includes units on: Ethanol’s History in the U.S. and Worldwide; Ethanol Science and Technology; Engine Performance; Environmental Effects; Economics and Energy Security. (pdf file, 574 kb)

Reference Book, "Properties of Alcohol Transportation Fuels" (1991)

Prepared by Meridian Corporation for the U.S. Department of Energy. Sections on flexible fuel vehicle technology are somewhat out of date but otherwise it's a good compilation of technical information on alcohol fuels (methanol, ethanol) and additives. Contains 10 sections. (Web page, with downloadable report)