Infectious Mononucleosis
(mononucleosis, mono)

What is infectious mononucleosis?
Infectious mononucleosis is a viral illness that affects the blood cells. It is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a member of the herpesvirus family.

How do you get it?
Mononucleosis is transmitted by close personal contact involving direct exposure to saliva, as in kissing. Although many people are exposed to the virus that causes mononucleosis at some point in their lives, very few actually develop symptoms. In the United States, the disease is seen more often in high school and college age persons than other age groups.

What are the symptoms of infectious mononucleosis?
The symptoms include fever, sore throat, and fatigue that may extend from one to several weeks or more. The lymph nodes in the neck may be enlarged and tender. A long-lasting form of the disease has been suggested as a possible cause of chronic fatigue syndrome. This disease is rarely fatal.

When do symptoms start?
The symptoms commonly begin 4 to 6 weeks after infection with the virus.

For how long is a person contagious?
The virus can be found in saliva and throat secretions for a year or more after the initial infection. Infected individuals may thereafter transmit the virus to others for an extended period.

What is the treatment for infectious mononucleosis?
There is no specific treatment for the viral illness. Usually, what a person needs most is rest.

How can you keep from getting it?
Avoid exposure to saliva and nasal secretions from persons infected with the disease.

Do not share items of personal hygiene such as toothbrushes and facial tissues used by someone with infectious mononucleosis.

Practice good hygiene by washing your hands frequently.